The Chiricanos constitute one of the most important ethnic groups in the cultural conformation of the Osa population, Buenos Aires, Golfito and southern Costa Rica. The Chiricano migrations took place from the middle of the nineteenth century until the beginning of the twentieth century.
There were several causes. On the Costa Rican side there were large extensions of land not in use, absence of state presence and lack of borderline definition.
Amador, It is said that the colonizing process of the Osa peninsula was linked in the beginning with Chiricano migratory surges. Their presence was always friendly; they did not form large groups and had no political importance.
The Chiricanos settled gradually, though in a disperse fashion, along the east coast of the Peninsula, and less intensely around the Golfo. The Chiricanos were characterized by a strong intermingling where Negroes, mulattos, sambos, Indians, and whites are mixed.
This ethnical blend resulted in a rich cultural background that the Chiricano people carry, and contributes to the South of Costa Rica. The fact of their self-sufficiency has been pointed out, shown in the artisanal production of soap, candles, medicines, furniture, and other utensils. Of the Chiricanos it is said they learned from the Indians their peculiar ways of taming horses, mounting steers and using them to haul loads. Another Chiricano feature is their interest in chicken coops, and horse races.
